Foot pathology

Pathology (print-out version)

Soft tissue healing: Acute inflammation blood clot forms, tissue disruption for 72 hours. Regeneration clot shrinks, new fibrous tissue forms within next 6 to 8 weeks. Re-modelling tissue fibres become organised from 6 to 12 months

Bone healing: haematoma, week 1. soft callus, week 2 to 3. hard callus weeks 4 to 16. remodelling week 17 onwards

20. Ligament injuries. normal: anterior talofibular ligament, calcaneofibular ligament. injured: grade 1 sprain (small tear), grade 2 sprain (incomplete tear), grade 3 sprain (complete tear)

21. Stress fractures: stress fracture where increased loading may cause hairline fracture to bone, commonly a metatarsal

22. Fractures: fractures on fibula and tibia: tibia, medial malleolus, fibula, lateral malleolus

23. Ottowa rules: if any Ottawa rules are positive, then treat as a fracture: posterior edge of malleolus, 6cm, fifth metatarsal, area of a potential tenderness with a fracture

Ottowa rules: postarior edge of malleolus, navicular

25. Morton's neuroma: damage to the nerves, which become inflamed

26. Rheumatoid and gout: normal / affected: unflammation contains uric crystals, uric crystals

27. Sesamoiditis: sesamoid tendons, bone has two heads

28. Deep vein thrombosis: The formation of a blood clot within a deep vein (DVT) may become life-threatening if the clot reaches lungs, brain or heart. valve, blood flow, broken thrombus (clot), thrombus

29. Cellulitis is an infection of the deeper layers of the underlying skin tissue, causing considerable swelling

30. Reasons for delayed healing: patient has diabetes, gae, malnutrition, obesity and weight loss